Television is one of the major mass media outlets in the United States. I'm trying to find a published source giving the percent of U.S. households having electricity and percent having telephones in 1940 (+/- a year or two). It is backed up by data and stats. These devices are marketed as more convenient for consumers who would otherwise have trouble connecting a computer to a full-size television and using a web browser to view content. In the late 1990s, the U.S. began to deploy digital television, transitioning it into being the standard transmission method for over-the-air broadcasts. Broadcast television is regulated by the Federal Communications Commission. The national cable television network became possible in the mid-1970s with the launch of domestic communications satellites that could economically broadcast television programs to cable operators anywhere in the continental United States (some domestic satellites also covered Alaska and Hawaii with dedicated spot beams that reached the contiguous states). Because of this lack of restriction, channel drift (the shift of a channel's programming format away from that which it originally maintained) is much more common in the United States than in other countries. Until then, cable networks like HBO had been limited to regional coverage through distribution over expensive terrestrial microwave links leased from the telephone companies (primarily AT&T). Elevated programming tiers commonly start with an expanded basic package, offering a selection of subscription channels intended for wide distribution (primarily those that launched between the 1970s and the 1990s); since the upspring of digital cable and satellite television during the mid- and late 1990s, additional channels with more limited distribution are offered as add-ons to the basic packages through separate tiers, which are commonly organized based on the programming format of the channels sold in the tier. Before 1947, only a few thousand American homes owned television sets. Over the course of the 1980s and 1990s, stations began airing infomercials as well as news and entertainment programs throughout the night instead of signing off; infomercials also began to overtake other less-watched dayparts (such as weekends and during the daytime), which forced series that would otherwise be syndicated onto cable networks or off the air entirely. HBO launched on November 8, 1972, to 365 Service Electric Cable subscribers in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, with a mix of movies, sports, and comedy and music specials. Despite initial failed attempts during the late 1980s by Fox as well as the success of The Arsenio Hall Show in syndication during its first five-year run beginning in 1989, the late-night talk show genre would not become a more competitive field until the 1990s, when CBS gained a major foothold in the field with the Late Show with David Letterman; competition in the genre increased even further as cable networks entered into the genre in the 2000s and 2010s with the rise of parody news show The Daily Show under host Jon Stewart and newer shows such as The Colbert Report, Jimmy Kimmel Live!, and Conan. Other religions outside of evangelical Christianity also have television outlets, including the predominantly Roman Catholic-oriented Eternal Word Television Network (EWTN), Jewish Life Television (JLTV), and the LDS-affiliated Brigham Young University Television (byuTV). The largest ownership group in terms of coverage of the U.S. is the E. W. Scripps Company, whose stations cover 65% of the nation; Scripps primarily operates affiliates of the six major networks, most maintaining full-scale local operations and/or news departments, though its reach greatly expanded in 2021 through its purchase of Ion Media (corporate parent of namesake flagship network Ion Television), whose stations by contrast are entirely centrally operated and do not maintain local programming, which it acquired to have that group's stations serve primarily as pass-through outlets for Scripps various multicast network properties. The 1950s saw the first flowering of the genres that would distinguish television from movies and radio: talk shows like The Jack Paar Show and sitcoms like I Love Lucy. Local news programming airs on many television stations, with individual markets supporting as few as two or as many as eight television news operations, depending on the number of available viewers that live in the market. Premium cable networks are exceptions, and often air very racy programming at night, though premium channels often air program content with strong to graphic profanity, violence and nudity in some cases during the daytime hours. Some have claimed there were questions about plumbing in 1900 and 1920. On September 18, 2006, Time Warner and CBS Corporation shut down The WB and UPN to launch a "merger" of those networks, The CW;[19][20] meanwhile, two weeks earlier on September 5, News Corporation created MyNetworkTV, originally intended to replace UPN and The WB programming on Fox-owned stations that were affiliated with the latter networks.[21][22]. Cable system operators now receive programming by satellite, terrestrial optical fiber (a method used primarily to relay local stations based within metropolitan areas to the franchise, and acts as a backup for the system operator if a broadcast station's over-the-air signal is affected by a power outage or other technical malfunction involving the main transmitter), off the air (a method used to relay broadcast stations to cable franchises in outlying areas and satellite providers), and from in-house sources and relay it to subscribers' homes. Its nightly prime-time schedule runs only two hours long on Monday through Saturdays and three hours on Sundays (something the network intentionally did to sidestep FCC regulations for television networks in effect at Fox's launch), and some of its major market affiliates used to broadcast on UHF before the digital transition (several affiliates though broadcast on VHF pre-transition, primarily as a result of affiliation deals with former longtime Big Three affiliates owned by now-defunct station groups New World Communications and SF Broadcasting that it signed after acquiring the NFL rights). Mobile television services also include mobile apps for both traditional and new programming providers, usually optimized for a small screen and mobile bandwidth constraints. It received a rating of 11.3 . The peak ownership percentage of households with at least one television set occurred during the 199697 season, with 98.4% ownership. The signals were transmitted as unscrambled analog FM feeds that did not require advanced or expensive technology. The nation has a national public television service known as the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS). Foreign wrestling promotions such as Lucha Underground and New Japan Pro-Wrestling have seen increased exposure in the 2010s. A common form of instructional television, both noncommercially (such as The French Chef with Julia Child or Martin Yan's Yan Can Cook) and commercially (such as Mr. Food and Paula Deen), is the cooking show, in which the host demonstrates various recipes that home viewers can prepare themselves. On September 30, 1975, beginning with its telecast of the "Thrilla in Manila" boxing match between Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier, HBO became the first television network to use communications satellites to transmit its programming, immediately expanding its distribution to UA Columbia Cablevision's Fort Pierce and Vero Beach, Florida, systems and the American Television and Communications Corporation system in Jackson, Mississippi.[39]. Most stations originally aired locally produced newscasts only in evening time periods (usually at 6:00 and 10:00 or 11:00p.m. local time) until the 1970s or as late as the mid-1980s on some stations. As the price of television sets dropped, the number of viewers grew. An interpreter may still be used for the deaf and hard-of-hearing community for on-air emergency broadcasts (such as severe weather alerts given by local governments) as well as televised press conferences by local and state government officials accompanied by closed captioning. Some of these scripts are turned into pilots for proposed television programs. And by 2023, they think the subscriber count will get as low as 72.7 million. This is vintage costume facts shirt 80th birthday gift, born in 1940 shirt retro vintage 1940 birthday facts shirt, made in 1940 shirt, 80 classic shirt on Birthday, Mother's Day, Father's Day, Parents Day, Christmas ; Lightweight, Classic fit, Double-needle sleeve and bottom hem Examples include the Norwegian series Occupied, Ragnarok and Nobel; the Icelander series The Valhalla murders; the Danish series Rita and The Rain; Italian series Suburra: Blood on Rome; the German series Babylon Berlin, Dark and Unorthodox; the French series Call My Agent!, Osmosis, La Mante, A Very Secret Service; the Spanish series Money Heist, Cable Girls and Elite. They were gradually replaced by much cheaper and more lowbrow tabloid talk shows, locally produced news, and even infomercials. The United States has a "decentralized", market-oriented television system, particularly in regard to broadcast television. Sunday is the most-watched night on American television, with many of TV's most popular shows airing on that night. All four major broadcast networks carry at least one long-running reality franchise in their lineup at any given time of the year. . As in other countries, television stations require a license to broadcast legally (which any prospective broadcaster can apply for through the FCC) and must comply with certain requirements (such as those involving programming of public affairs and educational interest, and regulations prohibiting the airing of indecent content) to retain it; the FCC's Board of Commissioners maintains oversight of the renewal of existing station licenses approaching their expiration, with individuals or groups who wish to oppose the granting of a renewal to a licensee based on any disagreement over rule compliance or any other issues inclined to contest it for consideration of revocation. Few cities have major municipally-owned stations. The earliest limits restricted owners from holding more than five stations across the entire country, and no more than one in any given market. Similar state networks have also been created by commercial broadcasters to relay network programming throughout portions or even the entirety of a state. Usually carried live, they ranged from simple advertisements to game shows and children's shows that often featured clowns and other offbeat characters. The 1950s proved to be the golden age of television, during which the medium experienced massive growth in popularity. In 2019, there were 19.2 million families, an increase of 0.4% on the previous year, with a 6.8% increase over the decade from 2009 to 2019. Network daytime schedules consist of talk shows and soap operas, although one network CBS still carries game shows (a handful of other game shows otherwise air in syndication); local newscasts may air at midday timeslots. Cable and digital broadcast networks have provided outlets for programming that either has outlived its syndication viability, lacks the number of episodes necessary for syndication, or for various reasons was not a candidate for syndication in the first place. average new home size: 983 sq. The minimal differences between General American English and Standard Canadian English accents allows Canada to export shows to the United States, and vice versa, without a major culture barrier. Reruns of film shorts (such as Looney Tunes, Our Gang and The Three Stooges) were also staples of early television and to a certain extent remain popular today, well after those film shorts mostly stopped being produced in the 1960s. High-stakes quiz shows made a comeback in the late 1990s, particularly with the American adaptation of Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? It is the first time since 1957 that Florida has ranked #1 for growth on a percentage basis, the agency said. American television has had very successful programs that have inspired television networks across the world to develop shows of similar types. Web television providers in the U.S. include Netflix (which was originally structured as a mail-order DVD rental service), Hulu, MyTV, and many international websites such as YouTube, Myspace, Newgrounds, Blip and Crackle. Perhaps no phenomenon shaped American life in the 1950s more than television. Cable companies are required by the 1992 Cable Television Consumer Protection and Competition Act to negotiate for retransmission consent, usually paying broadcasters for the right to carry their signals. In the UK, the average consumer spent . Cable providers must include local over-the-air stations in their offerings on each system (stations can opt to gain carriage by seeking a must-carry option) and give them low channel numbers, unless the stations decide to demand compensation of any sort (through retransmission consent). Broadcast television in languages other than English, Last edited on 14 February 2023, at 15:00, Learn how and when to remove this template message, transition from analog to digital television, public, educational, and government access, multichannel video programming distributor, List of United States over-the-air television networks, List of Spanish-language television networks in the United States, full-power satellite stations and (in some cases) low-power translators, public, educational and government access, Multichannel television in the United States, Satellite television in the United States, List of United States pay television channels, Cable Television Consumer Protection and Competition Act, History of professional wrestling in the United States, List of professional wrestling television series, Sports in the United States Sports media in the United States, killed his opponent on national television, Professional Golfers Association of America, List of anime distributed in the United States, List of American television shows based on foreign shows, ABC's parent company bought most of Fox's assets, Lists of United States network television schedules, froze the application process for new applicants, 2016 United States wireless spectrum auction, stations that exploited a loophole to carry a radio station on the audio feed of analog channel 6, High-definition television in the United States, List of television stations in the United States, "List of How Many Homes Each Cable Networks Is In Cable Network Coverage Estimates As of August 2013", "Barely Keeping Up in TV's New Golden Age", "There's too much TV to keep up. Scottish engineer John Logie Baird invented the first working TV in 1924 and, five years later, the Baird . Most parts of rural America had to make do with a single television station. It also put pressure on advertisers, since DVRs make it relatively easy to skip over commercials (satellite provider Dish Network's Hopper technology, which eliminates commercials entirely, was even the subject of lawsuits by the major networks during the early and mid-2010s due to fears over diluted advertising revenue).[76][77]. Some cable providers use interactive features built into set-top boxes leased to their subscribers to distribute video on demand services within their internal networks. I need help with this assignment below: Percentage of USA Households with Electronic Technologies, 1940 to 2010 Year Radio This problem has been solved! The game show has been one of the longest-running formats in American television history; game shows have aired regularly since the CBS Television Quiz began regular broadcasts in 1941. Both of these help fulfill stations' legal obligations, respectively to provide educational children's programs (through a law passed in 1990 known as the Children's Television Act, which requires stations to carry a minimum of three hours of programs featuring content benefiting the educational needs of youth each week) and public service programming. For example, CSI: Crime Scene Investigation was the top-rated program for the last week of December 2005. After a flood of television license applications, the FCC froze the application process for new applicants in 1948, due to concerns over station interference. Tradues em contexto de "television-equipped households" en ingls-portugus da Reverso Context : It earned a Nielsen rating of 7.3, with a 14 share, meaning that roughly 7.3 percent of all television-equipped households, and 14 percent of households watching television, were tuned in to the episode. This TV (owned by Allen Media Group, and co-founded by Weigel and Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer) used a similar format, focusing on older as well as some relatively recent feature films;[31] it helped to spawn similar movie-oriented broadcast networks such as Movies! Many religious broadcast networks and stations exist, also surviving on viewer contributions and time leased to the programming producers; the two most prominent are the Trinity Broadcasting Network, which was founded in 1973 by Paul and Jan Crouch as a part-time ministry that leased programming time on KBSA (now UniMs owned-and-operated station KFTR-DT) in the Los Angeles exurb of Ontario, California, before moving to KLXA-TV (now KTBN-TV) in Fontana, which it began purchasing time on in the following year after KBSA was sold; it gradually became the most widely distributed Christian television network in the world with 20 networks (including five in the United States that are primarily available through multicasting, The Church Channel, the youth-oriented JUCE TV and Smile of a Child TV, and the Latino-oriented TBN Enlace USA and TBN Salsa) and several affiliates internationally; and the Daystar Television Network, founded in 1993 by Marcus and Joni Lamb, when the former's Word of God Fellowship ministry purchased the license of defunct UHF station KMPX (now an Estrella TV owned-and-operated station) in Dallas, Texas. In 1950 only 9 percent of American households had televisions; by 1959 that figure had increased to 85.9 . WWE maintains a dominant presence in professional wrestling; its largest rival as of 2020 is All Elite Wrestling. Comedy programming on American television has been more noted for situation comedies such as I Love Lucy, The Honeymooners, The Andy Griffith Show, The Dick Van Dyke Show, The Mary Tyler Moore Show, All in the Family, Happy Days, Family Ties, Cheers, The Cosby Show, Seinfeld, Friends, Frasier, Everybody Loves Raymond, The King of Queens, How I Met Your Mother, The Big Bang Theory and Modern Family. The producers hire a director and other crew members (in some cases, using staff employed with an existing series) to work on the pilot; in some cases, if the pilot's concept was pitched by producers that would not write for the proposed show before a script is drafted, writers may also be assigned to pen the script and would be given credit as the series' creator(s). As of 2017, these limits have been relaxed substantially. The 1940s. There were barely more than 100 stations operating at the end of the freeze as of 1952, concentrated in many (but not all) major cities. While most households still subscribe to cable or satellite television services, the survey shows the proportion of Internet users watching videos online has grown from 45 percent in 2013 to 70 percent in 2017. The National Football League (NFL)'s embrace of television broadcasting at the early onset of the medium helped boost its popularity as a sport, and by the 1960s, the combined success of NFL and American Football League (AFL) telecasts helped earn professional football a status as a mainstay of the major television networks. By the time it reformatted as the CBN Cable Network in 1981, it refocused towards secular family-oriented programming, carrying a mix of reruns of classic television series and feature films alongside its religious programming. Number of TV Households in America 1950-1978. Most daytime talk programs air in syndication, with various attempts airing on network television to mixed results among the more notable network efforts are the female-driven panel talk shows The View, The Talk, The Real and Get It Girl on LATV. What's more, American . The 2000s. Its distribution network includes Comcast, DirecTV, Verizon FiOS, Dish Network, Altice USA, U-verse TV, Charter Communications, and a host of smaller distributors. Most commercial stations are now owned-and-operated or controlled through outsourcing agreements by group owners (either independent companies or network-owned subsidiary groups), with a relatively limited number of companies that remain which own stations in five or fewer markets; a series of station purchases that have occurred since 2011 (when the Sinclair Broadcast Group acquired the Four Points Media Group) has concentrated the number of station owners even further, as a result of increasing competition between over-the-air broadcasters and subscription television outlets as well as to increase leverage in negotiations with cable and satellite providers for retransmission consent (which since the early 2000s, has increasingly become a primary form of revenue for broadcast networks, which have required their affiliates to share a portion of the revenue received by pay television providers as an additional source of operational revenue). Standard users can export data in a easy to use web interface or using an excel add-in. Most reality shows perform poorly in reruns and are rarely seen as a result, other than reruns of series still in production, on the same network on which they air (almost always cable outlets), where they air as filler programming. The Paramount Television Network flourished simultaneously with Fox, if less successfully. Many successful VHF stations launched. Households are getting smaller. There are also a number of syndicators dealing exclusively or primarily with public broadcast stations, both PBS and independent public television stations (most prominently, American Public Television). Successful news magazines have included 60 Minutes, 20/20 and Dateline NBC in prime time, and Meet the Press, Face the Nation and This Week on Sunday mornings. V-me delivers drama, music, current affairs, food, lifestyle, nature and educational pre-school content to its viewers. OTT, or Over-the-top content bypasses multiple system operators entirely, and allows viewing of programs hosted by independent providers. Nielsen Media Research, 23 August 2006. Two-thirds of the television sets in the early 1950s were owned by people in New York and suburbs. Quiz shows tend to be more serious in demeanor and are based on trivia, with their appeal drawn from the intelligence of the contestant and the often high prize payouts; they often air in prime time or fringe time were a major fad in the 1950s before a wide-ranging scandal exposed most of the quiz shows of the era (such as Twenty One, The $64,000 Question, Dotto and The Big Surprise) as either rigged or outright fabricated and triggered major reforms. According to Nielsen's National Television Household Universe Estimates, there are 120.6 million TV homes in the U.S. for the 2019-20 TV season. Unlike in some other countries, public television does not own any sports rights, nor has it ever been a major factor in sports television. It reorganized the UHF band for television, then began handing out broadcasting licenses on both the UHF and VHF bands, with the highest concentration of license grants and station sign-ons occurring between 1953 and 1956. Television debuted in the United States on May 10, 1928, with the launch of the original WGY Television, a joint venture of General Electric's owned-and-operated WGY in Schenectady, New York and Norton Laboratories' WMAK in Lockport, New York. It has risen to become the fifth highest-rated television network in the U.S. (behind NBC, CBS, ABC and Fox) and is the dominant Spanish language network in the U.S., with its ratings having risen to levels where it has beaten at least one of its English language competitors since the late 1990s. World War II, with its freeze on commercial television and general technology shortages, delayed the rise of the medium. Western New York would not get a full-time television station until WBEN-TV launched in 1948.) The number of persons age 2 and older in U.S. TV Households is estimated to be 307.3 million, which represents a 0.6% increase from last year. The Power Rangers series was heavily edited from a Japanese live-action tokusatsu series, Super Sentai, with newly filmed bridging sequences involving American actors (as the action sequences were entirely done in full costume, those scenes only had to be dubbed). These networks include CBS (launched CBS All Access in October 2014, featuring both on-demand content and live streams of the network's owned-and-operated stations and affiliates),[49][50] HBO (in April 2015, launched HBO Now, a standalone internet-only subscription service similar to its TV Everywhere service HBO Go),[51][52] and Showtime (which launched a VOD/live streaming service of the same name in May 2015). Mobile video is available for direct download or streaming (usually for a one-time download fee) from the iTunes Store, Google Play and Amazon Prime Video. Some locally produced children's programs which often mixed cartoons, special guests and audience-participation games also became popular in the local markets where they were broadcast; one of the most popular was the Bozo the Clown franchise, which became most well known for its Chicago version, which began airing nationally when WGN-TV became a superstation in October 1978. A few of these superstations once had national distribution, carrying a separate feed that aired different programming than that of the local area feed and even some that also aired on the local feed that is SyndEx-proof (in other words, syndicated programming to which the superstation has obtained full signal rights to air nationally); the two most prominent of these nationally distributed stations were TBS and WGN-TV. By the mid-1970s, some form of cable television was available in almost every market that already had over-the-air television service. Reality television has long existed in the United States, both played for laughs (such as Candid Camera and Real People) and as drama (such as COPS and The Real World). During that period, stations began local news programs in the midday and 5:00p.m. time slots, while morning newscasts began to become common during the 1980s (first on weekdays, with weekend morning newscasts launching in many cities beginning in the early 1990s). . Dramatic series have taken many forms over the years. Several Spanish language broadcast (as well as cable) networks exist, which are the most common form of non-English television broadcasts. On the same day, the CBS station became commercial WCBW (now WCBS-TV). By 1959, 43,950,000 or 85.9% Americans owned a television set, and this trend continued into the 1960s and beyond. The earliest reports that I found regarding census questions on plumbing was 1940. Local media markets have their own television stations, which may either be affiliated with or owned and operated by a television network. API users can feed a custom application. As of March 2021, around 44 percent of U.S. television households have a 4K-capable TV set at home compared to 31 percent in . Other sports have been televised through anthology series such as ABC's Wide World of Sports (that same network would launch a documentary-based anthology, ESPN Sports Saturday, in 2011), CBS Sports Spectacular and NBC SportsWorld, sometimes through time-buy arrangements with event organizers. The film franchise Star Wars has spawned a number of television productions over the course of its existence, ranging from the Star Wars Holiday Special to The Mandalorian. In August 1998, Paxson Communications (now Ion Media) launched Pax TV to counterprogram the four larger networks as well as The WB and UPN, with a focus on family-oriented original and acquired programming; due to underperforming viewership in its initial format, Pax relaunched as i: Independent Television (focusing more on reruns and movies aimed at a broader audience) in July 2005 and then as Ion Television in September 2007. Cable television is largely, but not entirely, unregulated. Most cable viewers in the U.S. reside in the suburbs and tend to be middle class; cable television is less common in low income, urban, and rural areas. The rise in income from 1970 to 2020 was steepest for upper-income households. Games that involve physical stunts include children's shows such as Double Dare and adult shows such as Dog Eat Dog and Fear Factor. The year 1940 in television involved some significant events. The major professional sports leagues began regular television broadcasts in the 1950s. Outsourcing agreements (known by multiple terms, mainly local marketing agreements [LMA], shared services agreements [SSA] or joint sales agreements [JSA], albeit with little differentiation in their structure) have allowed some broadcasting companies to operate stations that they could otherwise not legally own outright due to in-market ownership regulations; these arrangements first began in 1991, when the Sinclair Broadcast Group entered into such an arrangement to run WPTT (now WPNT) in Pittsburgh, after it sold the station to its manager Edwin Edwards to acquire Fox affiliate WPGH-TV. DVR technology allowed wide-scale time shifting of programming, which had a negative impact on programming in time slots outside of prime time by allowing viewers to watch their favorite programs on demand.
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