So if you believe the fantastic conspiracy theory that 19 hijackers some have been discovered to be still alive were able to hijack 4 commercial planes for hours uninterrupted armed only with boxcutters and crash them into US largest and with the Pentagon most well guarded which has its own missile defence and radar system buildings on US? I can understand anyone who speaks English, even those who speak it as foreigners might say too fast. How to explain that? London Times, 25 September 2006 Czech and Slovak are more intelligible to me then Slovenian with Slovak more so then Czech. It differs from the rest of Silesian in that it has undergone heavy Czech influence. Comment * document.getElementById("comment").setAttribute( "id", "ac933fc62d348b183dfc4516edf000ec" );document.getElementById("b83dbe3da2").setAttribute( "id", "comment" ); document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Your email address will not be published. Serbo-Croatian has variable intelligibility of Macedonian, averaging ~55%, while Nis Serbians have ~90% intelligibility with Macedonian. It's not learning, but for become understanding - Ukrainian must listen Polish language from some hours to some days to get used to very specific pronunciation. Re: Rus/Ukr KajkavianCroatian, spoken in northwest Croatia and similar to Slovenian, is not intelligible with Standard Croatian. BR,
My gues. Serbian is a macrolanguage made up to two languages: Shtokavian Serbian and Torlak or Gorlak Serbian. Hutsul, Lemko, Boiko speech (small Ukrainian/Rusyn dialects) stangely enough, more comprehensible than standard Ukrainian. Standard Czech and standard Slovak is almost totally intelligible (I would say about 90%) only very few words are of different origin. In this week's Slavic languages comparison we talk about animals in Polish and Ukrainian. It consists of at least four major dialects, Ekavian Chakavian, spoken on the Istrian Peninsula, Ikavian Chakavian, spoken in southwestern Istria, the islands of Bra, Hvar, Vis, Korula, and olta, the Peljeac Peninsula, the Dalmatian coast at Zadar, the outskirts of Split and inland at Gacka, Middle Chakavian, which is Ikavian-Ekavian transitional, and Ijekavian Chakavian, spoken at the far southern end of the Chakavian language area on Lastovo Island, Janjina on the Peljeac Peninsula, and Bigova in the far south near the border with Montenegro. ", "English in Scotland a phonological approach", "Mutual Intelligibility of Closely Related Languages within the Romance language family", "How Konkani Won the Battle for 'Languagehood', "Algumas observaes sobre a noo de lngua portuguesa", Romanian language Britannica Online Encyclopedia, "UCLA Language Materials Project: Language Profile", "Uzbek | the Center for East European and Russian/Eurasian Studies", "Soviet Dungan nationalism: a few comments on their origin and language", "The Linguistic Characteristic Of Esan Language: Towards Its Empowerment and Development", "Mutual intelligibility of spoken Maltese, Libyan Arabic, and Tunisian Arabic functionally tested: A pilot study", "Gdzie "sicz", a gdzie "porohy"?! To my opinion, Macedonian and Bulgarian would be today much closer if Macedonian had not been heavily influenced by Serbian and Bulgarian not influenced so much by Russian. Writing in Chakavian started very early in the Middle Ages and began to slow down in the 1500s when writing in Kajkavian began to rise. I use Ethnologues list of languages and dialects, but extend it a bit. Between some languages, there can also be imbalanced mutual intelligibility, known as asymmetric intelligibility. This occurs when speakers of one language can understand a related language to a greater degree than speakers of the related language can understand the other. You cant honestly believe that 19 hijackers from Saudi Arabia armed only with boxcutters where able to attack US biggest most powerful landmarks given all the hard factual evidence not including things like thermite or if a missile hit the Pentagon or other junk like that. Theres a good reason for this: mutual intelligibility. Russian is partially mutually intelligible with Ukrainian, Rusyn and Belarusian. 4. Three different methods were used: a word translation task, a cloze test and a picture task. And, as it was already sad, all Slovaks understand czeh better than czech slovaks thanks to hostory and politics. That is ~90% our language. Is there an agreed-upon standard? You also have these words? The languages really split about 1,000 years ago, but written Slovak was based on written Czech, and there was a lot of interlingual communication. This debate occurred only in Croatian linguistic circles, and the public knows nothing about it (Jembrigh 2014). Actually the way it is spoken sometimes sounds more like Slovak to me than Czech or polish does, however past really basic speech it is pretty hard to understand. 1. Sets of similar languages are the result of shared origin, so knowing a little more about mutual intelligibility can help you understand their origin. She introduces her and her two friends from the Czech republic and Spain, Because she speaks very clearly and slowly, I understand everything between 0:25-0:32, but then she starts a fast flood of words and between 0:32-0:36 I basically hear only s. Also sorry for my English. How close is Ukrainian language to Polish? [2] As a consequence, spoken mutual intelligibility is not reciprocal. Here are the estimates about inteligebility with other Slavic languages from a person thats fluent in Slovenian and Serbo-Croatian: Yet some say that the subtitles are simply put on as a political move due to Ukraines puristic language policy. That is a particularly ugly version of nationalism brewing in your vicinity. Understanding the connection between mutually intelligible languages, can make it easier to learn an additional language. Score: 4.1/5 (74 votes) . So here you have a case, when I could not understand everything, but I could grasp the meaning (at least). Generally, when foreigners say speakers of a certain language speak too fast, speakers of that language can hear that fast speech just fine. It was a long time ago though, so Ill try to convince her (and maybe a couple more Russians) to try this again tonight. Less than 90% mutual intelligibility = separate languages. You are probably talking about the study Mutual intelligibility between West and South Slavic languages? Part of the problem between Serbo-Croatian and Macedonian is that so many of the basic words be, do, this, that, where are different, however, much of the rest of the vocabulary is the same. For example, British Sign Language (BSL) and American Sign Language (ASL) are quite different and mutually unintelligible, even though the hearing people of the United Kingdom and the United States share the same spoken language. The Bulgarian language is the earliest written record Slavic language. Belarusian is, in a sense, in between other slavic languages. Mutual intelligibility mostly applies to the educated, standardized forms of these languages, not to the various sub-standard dialects. This term is similar to linguistic distance in that it can reflect how similar or different languages are. Polish and Ukrainian mutual intelligibility question. In some respects, all Slavic languages have a lot in common. a person with Virgin ears from any where in the Czech republic and west and central Slovakia will understand each other fairly well. However, you do say later in the text that However, the Torlak Serbians can understand Macedonian well, as this is a Serbo-Croatian dialect transitional to both languages. The reason Macedonian appears not very intelligible to a Serbian speaker is because many basic words (be, do, this, that, where, etc) are completely different, however most of the rest of the vocabulary is similar or the same. The literary language itself is no longer written, but works written in it are still used in public for instance in dramas and church masses (Jembrigh 2014). Also cyrillic in Macedonian is almost as same as Serbian, but many Croats dont know or dont want to know cyrillic, and that makes Macedonian more different to them than to Serbs. Same question, how much Chakavian can your average Shtokavian speaker understand in percentage? However, there are dialects in between Ukrainian and Russian such as the Eastern Polissian and Slobozhan dialects of Ukrainian that are intelligible with both languages . I think it was mostly due to a learning few high frequency Polish words that are difficult for a Russian native speaker to understand.
Mutual Intelligibility of Languages in the Slavic Family IOW, I think there are two languages Czech and Slovak and I do not agree that they are the same language with two dialects. There is much nonsense floating around about Serbo-Croatian or Shtokavian. Silesian or Upper Silesian is also a separate language spoken in Poland, often thought to be halfway between Polish and Czech. French has 89% lexical similarity with Italian, 80% similarity with Sardinian (spoken on the Italian island of Sardinia), 78% similarity with Romansh (spoken in parts of Switzerland) and 75% similarity with Portuguese, Romanian and Spanish. As a native Russian speaker, I noticed that my understanding of Polish went from 20% to 70% in a matter of hours when watching a film in Polish with subtitles. Hello, the difference of course is completely arbitrary, but above 90%, most speakers regard their comprehension as full or say things like I understand it completely. Below 90%, it starts getting a lot more iffy, and down towards 80-85%, people start saying things like, I understand most of it but not all! and people start regarding the other tongue as possibly a separate language. Belarussian and Ukrainian have 85% similar vocabulary.
How Similar Are Russian And Ukrainian? - Babbel Magazine This is because colloquial Ukrainian is closer to the Ukrainian spoken in the Soviet era which had huge Russian influence. Vedle hlavn, pouvan v Bulharsku, existuje jet makedonsk norma, kter tak (?) But despite similarities in grammar and vocabulary and almost identical alphabets, they differ sharply in many ways and are not mutually intelligible. Ukrainian has 62% lexical similarity with Russian but 70% with Polish, which isn't high enough for mutual intelligibility with both Russian and Polish, but Poles can certainly understand Ukrainian much better than Russian, and Russians can understand Ukrainian much better than Poles. Balgarskijat ezik e pluricentrien ezik ima njakolko kniovni normi. The Russian language doesn't have a sound for " ." Ukrainian is a mostly phonetic language. Eastern Slovak has ~80% intelligibility of Rusyn. Its true that Slavic languages are not intelligible in the taking-the-first-person-from-the-street-and-making-them-listen-to-a-random-conversation way, that is, an average Slavic speaker with an untrained ear and little to no exposure to other Slavic languages will have difficulty understanding other Slavic languages. Lach is a Czech-Polish transitional lect with a close relationship with Cieszyn Silesian. Im a speaker of Torlakian Serbian characteristically closer to Macedonian than Standard Serbian, having three (nom/acc/voc) cases and using a fusional instead of an analytic past tense and, with regards to a certain comment made two years ago on here, can, without issue, understand Zona Zamfirova, a movie about life in Ottoman Ni, without any subtitles. Please listen and watch the movie Zona Zamfirova. Ukrainian, and Belarusian. Around 80% comprehension, it gets hard to talk about complex or technical things. . How many English speakers know Serbo-Croatian? I cant say that I would understand every word, but it is usually not difficult to guess some missing gaps from the context, so I could read professional books in Bulgarian in the past. Some do in fact argue that Ukrainian shouldn't be considered as an East-Slavic language at all, being that it has more in common with West-Slavic languages such as Polish, Czech and Slovak than it . Paul McGrane. This implies that some of the high intelligibility between Slovak and Polish may be due to bilingual learning on the part of Slovaks. The Aegean Macedonian dialects mostly spoken in Greece, such as the Lerinsko-Kostursko and Solunsko-Vodenskadialects, sound more Bulgarian than Macedonian. After all, you can look at the study that I listed above and check the results of the written translation task (translation of 50 individual words), which illustrates the similarity of lexicons: Czechs best understand Slovak words (96,52%), then Polish (64,29%), then Bulgarian (57,00%), Croatian (55,38%) and Slovene (49,73%). December 2014. The distance of Slovene may seem unlikely, but I think that it is still rather optimistic, because Czech and Slovene are quite distant, despite geographical closeness. Kajkavski it seems has changed less than akavski. As such, spoken Danish and Swedish normally have low mutual intelligibility,[2] but Swedes in the resund region (including Malm and Helsingborg), across a strait from the Danish capital Copenhagen, understand Danish somewhat better, largely due to the proximity of the region to Danish-speaking areas. Crazy! Polish is a disgusting sounding language. A number of native speakers of various Slavic lects were interviewed about mutual intelligibility, language/dialect confusion, the state of their language, its history and so on. The problem is that most linguists are not interested in scientific intelligibility testing of language pairs. Ive watched that movie on a croatian television with the croatian subtitle and understood that movie much much better, though Croatian also has a little differences. Linguistic distance is the name for the concept of calculating a measurement for how different languages are from one another. It is not really either Bulgarian or Serbo-Croatian, but instead it is best said that they are speaking a mixed Bulgarian-Serbo-Croatian language. I must confess that as a Czech, I understand only little, what the Macedonian reporter is saying, and when I was listening to the first guy from Bosnia (Izetbegovi), I was often lost, understanding only slightly more, maybe 20-30%. [4], Some linguists use mutual intelligibility as a primary criterion for determining whether two speech varieties represent the same or different languages. I also conclude that in terms of straight linguistic science anyway, Czech and Slovak are simply one language called Czechoslovakian. I tested this on my wife by showing her news clips on Youtube. Pobrzajte in Serbian means (pourite) but I understand it because brzo means fast and prefix po also exists in Serbian, and the imperative form is the same. He was a member of a group of linguists who met periodically to discuss the field. Poles who know German and Old Polish can understand Silesian quite well due to the Germanisms and the presence of many older Polish words, but Poles who speak only Polish have a hard time with Silesian.
Are Ukrainians and Belarusians mutually intelligible? - Quora I think that this article is full of dubious numbers, but this is not necessarily the authors fault. What Are Mutually Intelligible Languages? My father once read an article in polish and he said he understood almost everything, but when its spoken he said about 60%.
How mutually intelligible are Ukrainian and Russian? : r/ukraine Here are three critical ways in which Bulgarian and Russian speakers differ. Briefly put, mutual intelligibility is when speakers of one language can understand a related language to some degree.
Intelligibility of Germanic languages underestimated I see your point, and I agree: there must be a difference in method when determining linguistic intelligibility based on different populations. Mutual intelligibility between languages can make learning them much easier. From a grammatical and morphological perspective, Ukrainian is closer to Russian: they both have East Slavic roots. A prima example of this is Russian where the 5% intelligibility could be pretty accurate in the case of a regular communication, because Russians have a very strong intonation, and they simply dont pronounce vowels properly. Mutual intelligibility is highly subjective. Intelligibility testing between East and West Slovak would seem to be in order. My mother is a native Croatian speaker and she told me that serbian and croatian have very good intelligibility but however the grammar is very different.Comparing those two languages would be like comparing czech and slovakian. The real reason that Slavs cant even understand each other: not enough vowels in their tongues! the interrogatives are much more similar (kda vs. koga when; kd~kud vs. kade where; to~kakv (second form is more characteristic of Bulgarian) vs. to what; koj/koja/koe/koi vs. koj/koja/koe/koi who/which/that (interr. You can pick out the common words like Voda (water), Hleb (bread), zima (cold) and so forth but it is tough to get the jist of what they are saying with out more immersion. An inherent pure inherent intelligibility test would involve a a speaker of Slavic lect A listening to a tape or video of a speaker of Slavic Lect A. Belarusian is closer to Polish and Ukrainian than Russian. They have more in common than you might think! Between sources, you might find some claiming that two languages are mutually intelligible, while other sources claim those same languages arent. Map; Russia's Periphery* Baltic States. However, a Croatian linguist has helped me write part of the Croatian section, and he felt that at least that part of the paper was accurate.
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